Resignation of Sheikh Hasina
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| File:Sheikh Hasina Darshana Jardosh G20 New Delhi 2023 (cropped).jpg Hasina in 2023 | |
| Date | 5–8 August 2024 |
|---|---|
| Time | 3:00 pm (BST, UTC+6:00) |
| Duration | 3 days (transition) |
| Venue | Ganabhaban |
| Location | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Cause | Mass uprising against her administration |
| Participants | Sheikh Hasina |
On 5 August 2024, at around 3:00 p.m., Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled the country on a helicopter with her sister, Sheikh Rehana, to India,[1][2][3] arriving in Delhi via Agartala. Although she intended to record a speech, she did not have the opportunity to do so.[4]
Background
Sheikh Hasina's first term as Prime Minister of Bangladesh began on June 23, 1996, when she took office after her party, the Awami League, secured victory in the general election, succeeding Khaleda Zia of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).[5] This initial period lasted until July 15, 2001. She returned to power on January 6, 2009, following a decisive win in the 2008 general election, and subsequently secured re-election in 2014, 2018, and 2024.[6] However, these later elections were widely criticized for lack of transparency, with opposition parties boycotting them and international observers alleging vote manipulation and suppression.[7] Her government was also accused of interfering with the country’s judiciary and the judicial system.[8]
By mid-2024, Sheikh Hasina's government was under mounting pressure due to several key factors.[9][10] Protests, particularly the Quota reform movement, had become a focal point of national discontent, with students and civil society calling for political reforms and a more meritocratic approach to the country's quota system.[11] Despite the initial student protests in 2018, which saw the quota system being outlawed, the Hasina administration were accused of interfering with the country’s judiciary to bring the controversial quota system back.[12]
Following months long protests, which saw violent suppression and killings of protesters, Hasina and her administration were given an ultimatum by the lead organisation of protesters, Anti-discrimination Students Movement, to resign from office.[13]
They declared that if the government did not step down, the protesters and civil society members would engage in widespread non-cooperation with the state including strikes and civil disobedience.
Resignation and exile
On 3 August 2024, the Anti-discrimination Students Movement along with thousands of protesters gathered near Shaheed Minar in Dhaka and declared one point demand for the resignation of Sheikh Hasina and confirmed their intention to march towards Dhaka on 6 August to demand the Prime Minister's resignation.[citation needed] However, the day after, following a heavy death toll of protesters, They announced the "Long march to Dhaka" to be held on 5 August.[citation needed]
On the early hours of 5 August 2024, the protests uder the banner of Anti-Discrimination Students Movement, along with thousands of other demonstrators, intensified their demand for Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s resignation.[citation needed]
At around 10:00 AM, groups of protesters, initially from major universities and colleges, gathered near key government buildings, including the Prime Minister's Office, the Jatiya Sangsad, and Ganabhaban, the official residence of the Prime Minister.[citation needed] The protesters, chanting slogans and waving banners calling for the end of Hasina’s rule, were met by heavy security forces, including riot police and paramilitary units, who attempted to block their advance.[citation needed]
By 11:00 AM, The protesters broke through police barricades near the prime minister's office.[citation needed] The clashes between security forces and protesters escalated rapidly, with reports of live ammunition being used, leading to casualties on both sides.[citation needed]
At around 12:30 PM, news broke that the protesters had successfully stormed the gates of Ganabhaban, forcing their way onto the grounds.[citation needed] Although, reports indicated that Hasina had already been rushed to a "secure location" within the compound. By 2:00 PM, the protesters’ also stormed the Jatiya Sangsad.[citation needed]
Following the violence and key national points being overwhelmed by the protesters, reports started spreading of Sheikh Hasina’s resignation and flight.[citation needed] On 3:00 pm (BST), The Army Chief of Staff, General Waker-uz-Zaman confirmed the resignation and self imposed exile of Sheikh Hasina during an adress to nation following the political vacuum left by Hasina's exit.[citation needed]
Hasina reportedly flew in a Bangladesh Air Force C-130 transport to Hindan Air Force Station in Ghaziabad, India, where she was received by the National Security Advisor of India, Ajit Doval along with other senior military officials.[citation needed] Indian minister of external affairs S. Jaishankar told the Indian Parliament that , "At very short notice, she [Sheikh Hasina] requested approval to come for the moment to India".[citation needed]
Aftermath
On 8 August 2024, An interim government was formed to manage the transition of power and organize elections. As, the previous parliament was dissolved on 6 August following Hasina’s exile.[citation needed] Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus was appointed to lead the administration by mutual consensus among key political and civil groups including protesting lead the Anti-discrimination Students Movement.[citation needed]
Public celebrations erupted across the country as many viewed Hasina’s resignation as a victory for the protest movement.[citation needed] The Anti-Discrimination Students Movement and other civil society groups, however, remained active, demanding systemic reforms, including changes to the electoral process and judiciary.[citation needed]
International responses to the resignation highlighted concerns over stability and democratic progress.[citation needed] United Nations and Amnesty International emphasized the need to protect human rights, as following the fall of Hasina administration, violence targeting Hasina’s supporters and religious minorities broke out.[citation needed] They also called the interim government to ensure accountability for anyone involved in the violence during the protests.[citation needed]
References
- ↑ "Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say". South China Morning Post. 5 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
- ↑ "Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say". Reuters. 5 August 2024. Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Protesters storm Bangladesh PM Hasina's palace amid reports she has resigned and fled". The Straits Times. 5 August 2024. Archived from the original on 5 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Sheikh Hasina has left Gono Bhaban for 'safer place'". The Daily Star. 5 August 2024. Archived from the original on 5 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "A look at Bangladesh's Prime Ministers from 1971-present". The Times of India. 8 August 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "Bangladesh hands fourth term to PM Hasina". Deutsche Welle. 31 December 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ AFP (8 January 2024). "Bangladesh election draws mixed reactions internationally". Le Monde. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "Bangladesh opposition rejects election results". rfi. 31 December 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "'House of Mirrors': What happened inside secret jails for Sheikh Hasina's critics". Hindustan Times. 18 October 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "ACC launches investigation against Sheikh Hasina, Joy on allegations of laundering $300m". Prothom Alo. Dhaka. 22 December 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "What's behind Bangladesh's violent quota protests?". Al Jazeera English. 16 July 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ↑ "Protests in Bangladesh put an end to a corrupt quota system". The Economist. 21 April 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2025. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Student protests in Bangladesh over job quotas escalate into violence". Nikkei Asia. 18 July 2024. Archived from the original on 20 August 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help)
| Life and politics |  | |
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| Sheikh Hasina Administration | ||
| Family | ||
| Legacy | ||
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