Timeline of operating systems
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
This article provides a brief timeline for the evolution of operating systems. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.
1940s
- 1949
- EDSAC was an early computer developed by Maurice Wilkes and manufactured by the University of Cambridge
1950s
- 1951
- LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office'[1] was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.
- 1953
- DYSEAC - an early machine capable of distributing computing
- 1955
- General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701[2]
- MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103[3][4]
- 1956
- GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System
- 1957
- Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)
- BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 704, later IBM 7090 and IBM 7094
- 1958
- EDSAC 2
- University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090
- 1959
- SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O
1960s
- 1960
- 1961
- 1962
- Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)
- BBN Time-Sharing System
- GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)
- 1963
- 1964
- Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
- Chippewa Operating System (for CDC 6600 supercomputer)
- Dartmouth Time-Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)
- EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
- KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) – an early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (originally announced in 1960)
- OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (announced)
- PDP-6 Monitor (DEC) descendant renamed TOPS-10 in 1970
- SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)
- 1965
- BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)
- DECsys
- TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)
- Livermore Time Sharing System (LTSS)
- Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (announced)
- Pick operating system
- SIPROS 66 (Simultaneous Processing Operating System)[6]
- THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven) development
- TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)
- 1966
- Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC)
- DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)
- GEORGE 1 & 2 for ICT 1900 series
- Mod 1[7]
- Mod 2[8]
- Mod 8[9]
- MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system)
- MSOS (Mass Storage Operating System)[10]
- OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) PCP and MFT (shipped)
- RAX
- Remote Users of Shared Hardware (RUSH), a time-sharing system developed by Allen-Babcock for the IBM 360/50
- SODA for Elwro's Odra 1204
- Universal Time-Sharing System (XDS Sigma series)
- 1967
- CP-40, predecessor to CP-67 on modified IBM System/360 Model 40
- CP-67 (IBM, also known as CP/CMS)
- Conversational Programming System (CPS), an IBM time-sharing system under OS/360
- Michigan Terminal System (MTS)[11] (time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67 and successors)
- ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10)
- OS/360 MVT
- ORVYL (Stanford University's time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67)
- TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System for the S/360-67, never officially released, canceled in 1969 and again in 1971)
- WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10, later TOPS-10)
- 1968
- Airline Control Program (ACP) (IBM)
- B1 (NCR Century series)[12]
- CALL/360, an IBM time-sharing system for System/360
- HP Real-Time Executive (HP RTE) – Hewlett-Packard[13]
- HP Time-Shared BASIC (HP TSB) – Hewlett-Packard[13] (time-sharing system for the HP 2000)
- THE multiprogramming system (Eindhoven University of Technology) publication
- TSS/8 (DEC for the PDP-8)
- VP/CSS
- 1969
- B2 (NCR Century series)[14]
- B3 (NCR Century series)[14]
- GEORGE 3 For ICL 1900 series
- MINIMOP[15]
- Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645 and later the Honeywell 6180) (opened for paying customers in October[16])
- RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (RC)
- TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and Newman for DEC systems, later TOPS-20)
- Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on DEC computers)
- Xerox Operating System
1970s
- 1970
- DOS-11 (PDP-11)
- 1971
- 1972
- B4 (NCR Century series)[14]
- COS-300
- Data General RDOS
- Edos
- MUSIC/SP
- OS/4
- OS 1100
- OS/2000 (Honeywell 2000-series)
- Operating System/Virtual Storage 1 (OS/VS1)
- Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R1 (OS/VS2 SVS)
- PRIMOS (written in FORTRAN IV, that didn't have pointers, while later versions, around version 18, written in a version of PL/I, called PL/P)
- Virtual Machine/Basic System Extensions Program Product (BSEPP or VM/SE)
- Virtual Machine/System Extensions Program Product (SEPP or VM/BSE)
- Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370), sometimes known as VM/CMS
- 1973
- 1974
- ACOS-2 (NEC)
- ACOS-4
- ACOS-6
- CP/M[17]
- DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, June 1974)
- Hydra[18] – capability-based, multiprocessing OS kernel
- MONECS
- Multi-Programming Executive (MPE) – Hewlett-Packard
- Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R2 (MVS)
- OS/7
- OS/16
- OS/32
- Sintran III
- 1975
- 1976
- Apple I
- Cambridge CAP computer[20] – all operating system procedures written in ALGOL 68C, with some closely associated protected procedures in BCPL
- Cray Operating System
- DX10
- FLEX[21]
- TOPS-20
- TX990/TXDS
- Tandem Nonstop OS v1
- Thoth
- 1977
- 1BSD
- AMOS
- Apple II
- KERNAL
- OASIS operating system
- OS68
- OS4000
- RMX-80
- System 88 (Exec)
- System Support Program (IBM System/34 and System/36)
- TRSDOS
- Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0 (Initial commercial release, October 25)
- VRX (Virtual Resource eXecutive)
- VS Virtual Memory Operating System[22]
- 1978
- 2BSD
- Apple DOS
- Control Program Facility (IBM System/38)
- Cray Time Sharing System (CTSS)
- DPCX (IBM)
- DPPX (IBM)
- HDOS
- KSOS[23] – secure OS design from Ford Aerospace
- KVM/370[24] – security retro-fit of IBM VM/370
- Lisp machine (CADR)
- MVS/System Extensions (MVS/SE)
- OS4 (Naked Mini 4)
- PTDOS[25]
- TRIPOS
- UCSD p-System (First released version)
- Z80-RIO
- 1979
- Atari DOS
- 3BSD
- CP-6
- Idris
- MP/M
- MVS/System Extensions R2 (MVS/SE2)
- NLTSS
- POS
- Sinclair BASIC
- Transaction Processing Facility (TPF) (IBM)
- UCLA Secure UNIX[26] – an early secure UNIX OS based on security kernel
- UNIX/32V
- DOS/VSE
- Version 7 Unix
1980s
- 1980
- 1981
- Acorn MOS
- Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN systems shipped on March 27[28])
- CP/M-86
- DRX (Distributed Resource Executive)
- iMAX – OS for Intel's iAPX 432 capability machine
- MCS (Multi-user Control System)
- MS-DOS
- PC DOS
- Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)
- UNOS
- UTS
- V
- VERSAdos[29]
- VRTX
- VSOS (Virtual Storage Operating System)[30]
- Xinu first release
- 1982
- Commodore DOS
- LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. – for the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II & III)
- PCOS (Olivetti M20)
- pSOS
- QNX
- Stratus VOS[31]
- Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7
- Ultrix
- Unix System III
- VAXELN
- 1983
- Apple III Plus
- Coherent
- DNIX
- EOS
- GNU (project start)
- Lisa Office System 7/7
- LOCUS[32] – UNIX compatible, high reliability, distributed OS
- MVS/System Product V2 (MVS/Extended Architecture, MVS/XA)
- Novell NetWare (S-Net)
- PERPOS
- ProDOS
- RTU (Real-Time Unix)
- STOP[33] – TCSEC A1-class, secure OS for SCOMP hardware
- SunOS 1.0
- VSE/System Package (VSE/SP) Version 1[34]
- 1984
- 1985
- AmigaOS
- Atari TOS
- DG/UX
- DOS Plus
- Graphics Environment Manager
- Harmony
- Mac OS (System 2)
- MIPS RISC/os
- Oberon – written in Oberon
- SunOS 2.0
- Version 8 Unix
- Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Facility (VM/XA SF)
- Windows 1.0
- Windows 1.01
- Xenix 2.0
- 1986
- 1987
- Arthur (much improved version came in 1989 under the name RISC OS)
- BS2000 V9.0
- IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)
- Mac OS (System 4)
- Mac OS (System 5)
- MDOS
- MINIX 1.0
- OS/2 (1.0)
- PC-MOS/386
- Topaz[39] – semi-distributed OS for DEC Firefly workstation written in Modula-2+ and garbage collected
- VxWorks
- Windows 2.0
- 1988
- A/UX (Apple Computer)
- AOS/VS II (Data General)
- CP/M rebranded as DR-DOS
- Flex machine – tagged, capability machine with OS and other software written in ALGOL 68RS
- GS/OS
- HeliOS 1.0
- KeyKOS – capability-based microkernel for IBM mainframes with automated persistence of app data
- LynxOS
- Mac OS (System 6)
- MVS/System Product V3 (MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture, MVS/ESA)
- OS/2 (1.1)
- OS/400
- RISC iX
- SpartaDOS X
- SunOS 4.0
- TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release, July 1988)
- Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Product (VM/XA SP)
- VAX VMM[40] – TCSEC A1-class, VMM for VAX computers (limited use before cancellation)
- Windows 2.1
- 1989
- Army Secure Operating System (ASOS)[41] – TCSEC A1-class secure, real-time OS for Ada applications
- EPOC (EPOC16)
- NeXTSTEP (1.0)
- OS/2 (1.2)
- RISC OS (First release was to be called Arthur 2, but was renamed to RISC OS 2, and was first sold as RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)
- SCO UNIX (Release 3)
- TSX-32
- Version 10 Unix
- Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)
1990s
- 1990
- AIX 3.0
- AmigaOS 2.0
- BeOS (v1)
- DOS/V
- Genera 8.0
- iS-DOS
- LOCK[42] – TCSEC A1-class secure system with kernel and hardware support for type enforcement
- MVS/ESA SP Version 4
- Novell NetWare 3
- OS/2 1.3
- OSF/1
- RTEMS
- PC/GEOS
- Windows 3.0
- Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VM/XA ESA)
- VSE/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VSE/ESA) Version 1[43]
- 1991
- 1992
- 386BSD 0.1
- Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable release)
- AmigaOS 3.0
- ANDOS (DOS-like operating system for the Electronika BK series computers)
- BSD/386, by BSDi and later known as BSD/OS.
- LGX
- MPE/iX 4.0
- MagiC (as Mag!X or MagiX)
- OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS AXP (Alpha) specific version, November 1992)
- OS/2 2.0 (First i386 32-bit based version)
- Plan 9 First Edition (First public release was made available to universities)
- RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, September 1992)
- SLS
- Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD)
- Windows 3.1
- 1993
- IBM 4690 Operating System
- FreeBSD
- NetBSD
- Novell NetWare 4
- Newton OS
- Nucleus RTOS
- Open Genera 1.0
- OS 2200 (Unisys)
- OS/2 2.1
- PTS-DOS
- Slackware 1.0
- Slackware 1.1
- Spring
- Windows Cairo
- Windows Chicago
- Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT kernel public release)
- 1994
- 1995
- Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)
- OpenBSD
- OS/390
- Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial second release version was made available to the general public.)
- Slackware 2.2
- Slackware 2.3
- Slackware 3.0
- SMSQ/E
- Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)
- Windows 95
Template:Table vertical alignment
| year-month | Apple | BSD | Linux | Microsoft | others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 (unknown) | RISC OS 3.6[citation needed] | ||||
| 1996-01 | |||||
| 1996-02 | OS/2 Warp Server 4.0 | ||||
| 1996-03 | Palm OS | ||||
| 1996-04 | |||||
| 1996-05 | AIX 4.2 | ||||
| 1996-06 | Debian 1.1 Linux 2.0 Slackware 3.1 |
||||
| 1996-07 | |||||
| 1996-08 | Windows NT 4.0 | ||||
| 1996-09 | Windows NT 4.0 Server | OS/2 Warp 4.0 | |||
| 1996-10 | OpenBSD 2.0 | ||||
| 1996-11 | Windows CE 1.0 | ||||
| 1996-12 | JN (microkernel, embedded Java apps)[46] | ||||
| 1997 (unknown) | DR-WebSpyder 1.0 Inferno MINIX 2.0[citation needed] Nemesis[47] RISC OS 3.7[citation needed] | ||||
| 1997-01 | Mac OS 7.6[48] | Windows Memphis Developer Release | |||
| 1997-02 | Slackware 3.2 | ||||
| 1997-03 | |||||
| 1997-04 | |||||
| 1997-05 | |||||
| 1997-06 | EPOC (EPOC32) | ||||
| 1997-07 | Mac OS 8 | Slackware 3.3 | |||
| 1997-08 | |||||
| 1997-09 | |||||
| 1997-10 | Slackware 3.4 | Windows CE 2.0 | AIX 4.3 | ||
| 1997-11 | |||||
| 1997-12 | SkyOS | ||||
| 1998 (unknown) | |||||
| 1998-01 | |||||
| 1998-02 | |||||
| 1998-03 | |||||
| 1998-04 | |||||
| 1998-05 | DR-WebSpyder 2.0 | ||||
| 1998-06 | Slackware 3.5 | Windows 98 | |||
| 1998-07 | Junos OS | ||||
| 1998-08 | |||||
| 1998-09 | |||||
| 1998-10 | FreeBSD 3.0 | Slackware 3.6 | Novell NetWare 5 RT-11 5.7 (last stable) | ||
| 1998-11 | Solaris 7 (1st 64-bit) | ||||
| 1998-12 | |||||
| 1999 (unknown) | Windows Odyssey (not released) | AROS (1st boot in Stand Alone version) | |||
| 1999-01 | |||||
| 1999-02 | |||||
| 1999-03 | |||||
| 1999-04 | OS/2 Warp 4.5 | ||||
| 1999-05 | Slackware 3.9 Slackware 4.0 |
||||
| 1999-06 | Windows 98 (2nd edition) | ||||
| 1999-07 | Inferno Second Edition[49] RISC OS 4 | ||||
| 1999-08 | |||||
| 1999-09 | |||||
| 1999-10 | Mac OS 9 | Slackware 7.0 | Amiga OS 3.5 (unofficial) | ||
| 1999-11 | |||||
| 1999-12 | Windows Neptune alpha |
2000s
2010s
2020s
See also
- Comparison of operating systems
- List of operating systems
- Comparison of real-time operating systems
- Timeline of DOS operating systems
- Timeline of Linux distributions (Diagram 1992–2010)
References
- ↑ Not Panicking Ltd (January 7, 2012). "h2g2 - Early Electronic Computers - Edited Entry". Retrieved March 15, 2015.
- ↑ "Early Operating Systems". Archived from the original on April 10, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2015. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "LCS/AI Lab Timeline". Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2015. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Ross, Douglas (9 January 1986). "A personal view of the personal work station: Some firsts in the Fifties". Proceedings of the ACM Conference on the history of personal workstations. Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 19–48. doi:10.1145/12178.12180. ISBN 0-89791-176-8. Search this book on
- ↑ "Honeywell 1800-II: A Large-Scale Scientific Processor" (PDF). Honeywell. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
- ↑ "CONTROL DATA® 6600 Computer System – Operating System/Reference Manual – SIPROS 66" (PDF). Control Data Corp. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ↑ "Honeywell Series 200 - Summary Description" (PDF). Honeywell. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
- ↑ "Introduction to Series 200/0perating System - Mod 2" (PDF). Honeywell. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
- ↑ "Operating System Orientation for Management - Series 200 Operating System In Review" (PDF). Honeywell. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
- ↑ "3100 3200 3300 3500 Computer Systems – Mass Storage Sort/MSOS (Reference Manual)" (PDF). Control Data Corp. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ↑ "Michigan Terminal System: Time Line". Clock.org. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
- ↑ "NCR Century series" (PDF). bitsavers.org. August 1972. Retrieved October 29, 2025.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Todd Poynor (August 1991). "25 Years of Real-Time Computing". bitsavers.org. Archived from the original on October 20, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2025.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Datapro – NCR Century Series (70C-656-01a Computers)" (PDF). bitsavers.org. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
- ↑ "MINIMOP History". Retrieved September 26, 2025.
- ↑ "Multics History". Retrieved March 15, 2015.
- ↑ "Digital Research home page". Retrieved September 27, 2021.
- ↑ Wulf, W.; Cohen, E.; Corwin, W.; Jones, A.; Levin, R.; Pierson, C.; Pollack, F. (June 1974). "HYDRA:The Kernel of a Multiprocessor Operating System" (PDF). Communications of the ACM. 17 (6). doi:10.1145/355616.364017. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 3, 2014. Retrieved March 26, 2023. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "Time-Sharing Uses Emphasized For DEC Datasystem 350 Series". Computerworld. Computerworld, Inc. 30 July 1975. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
- ↑ Wilkes, M. V.; Needham, R. M. (January 1, 1979). Denning, Peter J., ed. The Cambridge CAP Computer and Its Operating System. Operating and Programming Systems Series. North Holland. Retrieved March 26, 2023 – via www.microsoft.com. Search this book on
- ↑ Ian P. Blythe. "FLEX User Group - History". Retrieved March 15, 2015.
- ↑ "Wang – Operating System Services" (PDF). bitsavers.org. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
- ↑ "SECURE MINICOMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM (KSOS)" (PDF). csrc.nist.gov. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
- ↑ Gold, B. D.; Linde, R. R; Cudney, P. F. "KVM/370 IN RETROSPECT" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 3, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2014. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Stan Sokolow (ed.). "SOLUS NEWS" (PDF). Retrieved January 30, 2020.
- ↑ "CSDL | IEEE Computer Society". www.computer.org.
- ↑ Dirk S. Faegre; Jon Udell (December 1994). "CTOS Revealed". BYTE.com. Archived from the original on August 28, 2008. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Apollo/DOMAIN Computers". Retrieved March 15, 2015.
- ↑ "Byte (magazine)" (PDF). 1981-06-01. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
- ↑ Li, Kuo-Cheng; Schwetman, Herb (1983-10-06). "Implemeting a scalar C compiler on the Cyber 205". Purdue University. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ↑ Green, Paul (20 May 2002). "Stratus Machine History". ftp.stratus.com:80. Archived from the original on 12 June 2003. Retrieved 13 January 2022. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Walker, Bruce; Popek, Gerald; English, Robert; Kline, Charles; Thiel, Greg. The LOCUS Distributed Operating System (PDF) (Technical report). University of California at Los Angeles.
- ↑ "FINAL EVALUATION REPORTM OFN SCOMP" (PDF). www.dtic.mil. 1965. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved 2020-09-14. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "NEW VSE SYSTEM IPO/E 1.4.0 AND VSE/SYSTEM PACKAGE 1.1.0". Announcement Letters. IBM. July 19, 1983. LTR 283-217. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
- ↑ "University of Wyoming – Information Technology: About IT: History – The Cyber Era". Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ↑ "Westinghouse & Control Data Corporation - NOS/VE (1984)". Westinghouse. July 17, 2011. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ↑ Vinter, S. T. and Schantz, R. E. 1986. The Cronus distributed operating system. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Making Distributed Systems Work (Amsterdam, Netherlands, September 8–10, 1986). EW 2. ACM, New York, NY, 1-3.
- ↑ "Final evaluation report" (PDF). www.aesec.com. June 28, 1995. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
- ↑ Thacker, Charles P.; Stewart, Lawrence C. (1987). Firefly: A Multiprocessor Workstation (PDF) (Technical report). Digital Equipment Corporation — Systems Research Center.
- ↑ Paul A. Karger; Mary Ellen Zurko; Douglass W. Bonin; Andrew H. Mason; Clifford E. Kahn (November 1991). "A Retrospective on the VAX VMM Security Kernel" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. 17 (11): 1147–1165. Bibcode:1991ITSEn..17.1147K. doi:10.1109/32.106971. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 12, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2014. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Quarterly Status Report - Report #1 (PDF). Advance Computing Systems: An Advanced Reasoning-Based Paradigm for Ada Trusted Systems and its Application to MACH (Report). TRW - Federal Systems Group - Systems Division. 15 March 1989. AD-A206 308. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 2, 2021 – via Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC). Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "LOCK-An Historical Perspective" (PDF). Cyberdefenseagency.com. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
- ↑ "IBM VSE/ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE VERSION 1 RELEASE 1". Announcement Letters. IBM. December 18, 1990. LTR 290-785. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
- ↑ "A Brief History of RISC OS", Wakefield RISC OS Computer Club, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "EPL Entry CSC-EPL-92/001". Retrieved March 15, 2015.
- ↑ "JN: An Operating System for an Embedded Java Network Computer UCSC-CRL-96-29". Archived from the original on 2012-08-24. Retrieved 2014-04-25. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ various 1997 publications listed on the Nemesis website, retrieved 2013-08-13
- ↑ "Apple Announces Mac OS 7.6; First Milestone". Archived from the original on 1998-12-05. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
- ↑ "Inferno Downloads", Vita Nuova Holdings, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Microsoft Releases Windows 2000 to Manufacturing", Microsoft News Center, 1999-12-15, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Plan 9 from Bell Labs Overview", Bell Labs, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ Balaban, Alexandre (2000), Test de MorphOS 0.1 (in français), retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Microsoft Announces Immediate Availability Of Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Me)", Microsoft News Center, 2000-09-14, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "AmigaOS 3.9 release", Amiga History (UK), 2000-12-04, retrieved 2012-07-22
- ↑ Schmidt, Ralph (2001-02-15), New MorphOS 0.4 Release, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ Project History, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Windows XP to Take the PC to New Heights", Microsoft News Center, 2001-08-24, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Microsoft Unveils Plans for 64-Bit Windows Platform". Microsoft.
- ↑ "Sanos". Jbox.dk. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
- ↑ "Plan 9 From Bell Labs Fourth Release Notes", Bell Labs, April 2002, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "What is the history of Syllable?", Frequently Asked Questions, archived from the original on January 7, 2011, retrieved November 19, 2011 Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Jaguar "Unleashed" at 10:20 p.m. Tonight", Apple Inc., August 23, 2002, archived from the original on October 8, 2003, retrieved November 19, 2011 Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Node, an operating system based on Java" (PDF). 2010.rmll.info. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 15, 2012. Retrieved 2020-09-14. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Windows XP 64-bit Edition for Itanium systems, Version 2003 Press release", Microsoft News Center, 2003-03-28, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ Kernel.org archive, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ News digest August 2006, August 2006, retrieved 2011-11-19
- ↑ "Genode - Release notes for the Genode OS Framework 8.11". genode.org.
- ↑ Muen SK. "Muen | SK for x86/64". Muen.codelabs.ch. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
- ↑ "IBM z/OS Version 2 Release 2 Announcement Letter". 28 July 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-23.
- ↑ "IBM AIX 7.2 delivers the reliability, availability, performance, and security needed to be successful in the new global economy". 01.ibm.com. October 5, 2015. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
- ↑ "What's New in Oracle® Solaris 11.3". Docs.oracle.com. 2017-10-03. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
- ↑ "Genode - Genode News". genode.org.
External links
- A brief history of operating systems 1946-2010s
- Bitsavers 1950s-1980s minicomputers and mainframes software and manuals captured, salvaged, and archived
- Operating Systems: Timeline and Family Tree 1951-2026 (1400 OSs)
- UNIX
- UNIX History 1969-2025 and descendants
- Microsoft
- Concise Microsoft O.S. Timeline 1981–2020
- Microsoft operating system time-line 1983-2007
This article "Timeline of operating systems" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Timeline of operating systems. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
