Yoritsune Tanaka
Yoritsune Tanaka was the founder of Jingūkyō.[1]
Following the dissolution of the Great Teaching Institute, the Bureau of Shinto Affairs was established, and in 1881, the Shinto priests of the Ise sect, Yoritsune Tanaka and others, and the priest of the Izumo sect, Senge Takatomi, argued over the ritual deity[2] This led to an imperial request to Emperor Meiji.[3] The Jōdo Shinshū side did not stand idly by and watch this chaotic situation, and following Shimaji Makurai, Atsumi Chigirien, Akamatsu Renjo and other theoreticians went out one after another to advise the government to cooperate.[4] It was the successor to Shimaji Makurai's theory that Shinto is not a religion, and the political powers that be were forced to confirm it, and to forbid all religious speech, teaching, and religious acts (such as funeral rites) by priests involved in state ceremonies. This would have completely blocked the way for "Shinto as a religious belief" to become the national religion.[4]
Content from Sect Shinto[edit]
Yoriyo Tanaka was a founder of a Sect Shinto group.[5]
Overview[edit]
Around 1868, at the beginning of the Meiji Restoration, the religious administration of the new Meiji government issued the Shinto-Buddhist Separation Order, resulting in the Haibutsu Kishaku and the restoration of the Unity of ritual and government system in the same year. The Taikyo Institute was established in 1872 (Meiji 5) as a missionary organization, but was dissolved in 1875 (Meiji 8). Instead, the Shinto side established the Bureau of Shinto Affairs in the same year, to which the originally disparate folk belief religions belonged, and those denominations that met certain conditions, such as the number of followers, were officially recognized as "independent denominations". This was the beginning of the denominational Shinto.
Beginning with Kurozumikyō and Shinto Shusei in 1876 (9th year of Meiji), and in 1886, Bureau of Shinto Affairs (later renamed Shinto Taikyo), and in 1899 (32nd year of Meiji), it was reorganized into a denomination called Jingu-kyo renamed Ise Shrine Offering Association.[6][lower-alpha 1] In 1908, Tenrikyo was founded, and by the time of 1908, there were a total of 13 schools (14 schools in total if the breakaway "Jingu-kyo" is included).
| Denomination | Founder | Founding date | Date of Independence | believers[7] | Priests[7] | Shrines and churches[7] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jingu-kyo(→Left 1899, Disestasblished 1946) | Yoriyo Tanaka | 1882 | May 1882 | N/A[lower-alpha 3] | N/A | N/A |
After the war, Oomoto also joined the federation, but Tenrikyo and Shinto Taiseikyo withdrew from the federation, so the federation now has 12 affiliated groups.
There are five main groups of Sect Shinto[8]
- The Fukkoshinto or Revival Shinto lineage includes Shinto Taikyo, Shinrikyo, and Izumo-taishakyo, which originates from Izumo Taisha.[8]
- Confucian Shinto is represented by Shinto Taiseikyo (神道大成教) and Shinto Shusei.[8]
- The Mountain worship lineage includes Jikkō kyō, Fuso-kyo, and Ontake-kyo.[8]
- Purification sects are Misogikyo and Shinshu-kyo.[8]
- Utopian groups are Kurozumikyō, Tenrikyo, and Konkokyo.[8]
Tenrikyo is now classified by the Agency for Cultural Affairs as one of the various religions, not as a Shinto denomination. [9]
Notelist[edit]
- ↑ One of the predecessor organizations that formed the Association of Shinto Shrines after the war.
- ↑ Statistics source excluding Tenrikyo and Tensha Tsuchimikado Shinto
- ↑ Depending on interpretation up to 98 million followers due to its role in founding the Association of Shinto Shrines
References[edit]
- ↑ https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/eos/detail/?id=9456
- ↑ 藤井貞文 (1977-03-01). 明治国学発生史の研究 (in 日本語). 吉川弘文館. pp. 1–750. Search this book on
- ↑ 岡本雅享 (2019-11-04). 千家尊福と出雲信仰 (in 日本語). 筑摩書房. pp. 第2章. ISBN 978-4-480-07270-2. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 葦津 2006, p. 64.
- ↑ "Mandarake Online Shop". order.mandarake.co.jp. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
- ↑ 戦後に神社本庁を形成する前身組織の1つ。
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Religious Almanac" (2020 edition)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 "Kyōha Shintō | Japanese religion". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-06.
- ↑ 文化庁編さん 2011, pp. 5-6.
References[edit]
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