Jijiqe massacre

Jijiqe massacre
	Part of Tigray War
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Target	Tigrayans
Attack type	Mass killing; Ethnic cleansing;
Deaths	30 civilians
Perpetrators	Ethiopian National Defence Force ; Eritrean Defence Forces

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Coordinates: 13°31′34″N 38°49′58″E / 13.52619°N 38.83276°E / 13.52619; 38.83276

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The Jijiqe massacre was a mass extrajudicial killing that took place in Jijiqe (Tigrinya: ጅጅቀ) in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War, around 27 April 2021.^[1] Jijiqe is a scattered village along Giba River. This incense-producing area^[2] belongs to woreda Abergele, Central zone of Tigray.

Massacre

The Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) and the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) killed thirty civilians in Jijiqe (Central Tigray) on 27 April 2021.^[3] In line with historical studies of massacres, including those committed during the Armenian genocide,^[4]^[5] a massacre can be defined as a conflict incident in which at least five unarmed civilians were killed on the same day at the same location. Typical massacres committed by Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers in the Tigray war are (1) revenge when they lose a battle; (2) to terrorize and extract information about the whereabouts of TPLF leaders; (3) murder of suspected family members of TDF fighters; and (4) terrorizing the Tigray society as a whole such as in case of mass killings in churches.^[6]

Perpetrators

Relatives and witnesses reported the perpetrators of this massacre as being Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers.^[7]

Victims

The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation” mentions twenty victims of this massacre,^[1] all of whom have been identified:^[7]

Priest Kahsay Mekonen
Priest Solomon Mebrahtu
Gebre Gebreegziabher (Deacon)
Hagos Tela
Abeba (wife of Hagos Tela)
Guesh Haileselassie
Goitom Teklay (Deacon)
Gerima Tareqe
Hagos Gebrehiwet
Gochu Asefaw
Tesfay Gobachew
Lijalem Negash
Lijalem Haftu
Birhanu Welihet
Bezu Gebrehiwet
Tesegay Desalegn
Guesh Weldegebriel
Weldegebriel Debes
Priest Mamo Menaye
Gebregiorgis Amde

Reactions

The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation”,^[1] that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly regarding its Annex A, that lists massacres in the Tigray War.^[6]^[8]^[9]^[10]

After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, a joint investigation by OHCHR and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission was announced in March 2021.^[11]

While the Ethiopian government promised that Eritrean troops would be pulled out from Tigray, the Eritrean government denies any participation in warfare in Tigray, let alone in massacres.^[12]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation
↑ Kindeya Gebrehiwot: Introducing Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst and its non-timber forest product, frankincense
↑ Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Ghekiere, R., Haegeman, K., Temmerman, D., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation, version 2.1. Ghent (Belgium): Ghent University, Department of Geography Archived 2021-10-13 at Archive.today
↑ Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny (January 1, 1999). The Massacre in History. Berghahn Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-57181-934-5. Archived from the original on May 10, 2016. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) Search this book on
↑ Melson, Robert (July 1982). "Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 24 (3): 482–3. doi:10.1017/s0010417500010100.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 TGHAT, A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources
↑ EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region
↑ CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre
↑ The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified
↑ France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe
↑ DW, 19 March 2021: Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray?

External links

Twitter: author @tvbempt; hashtags #NeverForget #SayTheirNames #Jijike
World Peace Foundation: Starving Tigray
Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation
TGHAT: A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources

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[atlas-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation

[2] Kindeya Gebrehiwot: Introducing Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst and its non-timber forest product, frankincense

[atlas21-3] Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Ghekiere, R., Haegeman, K., Temmerman, D., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation, version 2.1. Ghent (Belgium): Ghent University, Department of Geography Archived 2021-10-13 at Archive.today

[4] Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny (January 1, 1999). The Massacre in History. Berghahn Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-57181-934-5. Archived from the original on May 10, 2016. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) Search this book on

[5] Melson, Robert (July 1982). "Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 24 (3): 482–3. doi:10.1017/s0010417500010100.

[world-6] 6.0 ^6.1 The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray^{[permanent dead link]}

[tghat-7] 7.0 ^7.1 TGHAT, A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources

[8] EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region

[9] CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre

[10] The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified

[11] France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe

[12] DW, 19 March 2021: Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray?

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