Akram Zuaytir
 | This article's lead section may be too long for the length of the article. (December 2021) |
| Akram Zuaytir | |
|---|---|
| Born | In 1909 Nablus |
| 19961996 | |
| 🏳️ Citizenship | Ottoman Empire. State of Palestine. |
| 💼 Occupation | |
Akram Zuaytir (1909-1996) a Arab writer and Politician, who was born in Nablus city in 1909. His father, Sheikh Omar Zuaiter, one of the Nablus Nobles, headed its municipality in the early twentieth century. His brother was the savant Adel Zuaiter, the sheikh of Arab translators.
Akram studied elementary school in Nablus city, he finished his high school studies at "Alnajah College" then he joined The American University in Beirut after that he joined the College of Law in Quds.[1]
At the beginning of his life, Zuaytir practiced teaching in high schools in Palestine. As a result of the unrest in 1929 in Palestine and the British delegate’s campaign against Arab revolutionaries, he gave up his position to be free for working in the national field. He worked as a head editor for (Mirat Al-Sharq) newspaper in Quds. After three months of working in editing, he was arrested and imprisoned as a result of his involvement in the national work, and he was deported for a year to Nablus. There he led the National Demonstrations, specifically the executions of three martyrs: Fouad Hegazy, Muhammad Jamjoom and Atta Al-Zir, and after he returned to Quds he joined Al-Hayat newspaper as an editor, which played a vital role in the 1931 events, but Zuaytir was arrested and Al-Hayat newspaper was stopped from publishing. He was again deported to Nablus where he taught at Al-Najah College. He associated with a group of liberals, the Association for the Care of Arab Prisoners. And during this period, he and a number of his fellows established the Arab Independence Party in Palestine. He used to publish his national articles on Al-Defaa and Al-Jamaa Al-Islamiya in Jaffa.
Akram participated in establishing the National Work League in Syria, he was vice-president of its founding conference, which was held in Beirut in 1933, and when King Faisal "the first" died in Baghdad, Akram represented the Independence Party in his funeral. There he met Yassin al-Hashemi who asked him to stay and work in Iraq's institutes as a national guide. There he contributed to the establishing of (Al-Muthanna Club) and (Al-Jawal Al-qowmi).
After coming back to Palestine he started holding popular meetings in different parts of Palestine calling for resistance to the British mandate. And, as a result of the unrest that occurred in 1936 between Palestinian nationalists and the British police forces, Akram Zuaytir called for the formation of national committees, taking the secretariat of the Nablus Committee himself.
The Nablus Committee took the role of contact with Palestinian and Arab liberation movements, and called for a big strike that expanded for six months, which was the precursor to the 1936 revolution, then Akram was arrested to be the first detainee in this revolution and he was sent to Auja Alhafeer prison in Sarfand and then to Damascus as a refugee where he attended the Bloudan Conference and participated in media work for the Palestinian cause in Syria and the nearby countries.
After the pursuit of Arab liberation movements by the mandate force, he headed to Iraq where he worked as an inspector in the ministry of education, and a teacher in the Iraq teacher's house. Until the Rashid Rida Al-Kilani revolution broke out in 1941, he participated in it. And when the revolution failed, Akram and his fellows took refuge in Aleppo and then to Turkey to stay there for three years as a political refugee in Anatolia.
After Syria's independence was declared in 1946, Akram returned to Syria and became close to the president, Shukri al-Quwatli, and he represented Syria in different national activities and he has been a consultant to its delegate in The League of Arab states and a member in the Palestine Permanent Committee in the Arab League.
His Diplomatic Career
In 1947, Akram headed the Arab delegation to Latin America to explain and defend the Palestinian cause. He participated in most of the national and Islamic conferences which were held in the Arab Mashreq. Then he took the secretariat of the Islamic seminar in its three sessions held in Quds in 1959. He represented Jordan at the sixteenth session of the United Nations, and in 1963 he was assigned as Jordan's ambassador to Syria where he spent nearly a year, and then Jordan's ambassador to Iran and Afghanistan. In 1966, he was assigned as a Jordan's Minister of Foreign Affairs, and in 1967 he became a member of the Jordanian Senate, then Minister of the Royal Court.
In 1971, he became Jordan's ambassador to Lebanon and Greece until 1975, then he returned again to the Senate during its fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth sessions.
During his residence in Lebanon in the eighties, he actively participated in the cultural movement, he was the head of the Islamic Cultural Center for many years, he also shared the pain and the suffering of the Lebanese people during the Israeli siege of Beirut in 1982. His house was hit, and his library burned, which contained letters from great Arab poets and writers, this caused him great grief so he left Beirut headed to Amman, where he took the presidency of the Royal Committee for Quds Affairs.
Zuaytir was a member of the Jordanian Academy of the Arabic Language, a corresponding member of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Damascus, and a member of the Royal Academy for Research on Islamic Civilizations at the Aal Al-Bayt Foundation.
Akram Zuaytir was a famous orator, his literature was influenced by Al-Jahiz, Abu Hayyan Al-Tawhidi and Ibn Hazm. He was also his brother's student, Adel Zuaiter, Muhammad Isa`af al-Nashashibi, Amir al-Bayan Shakib Arslan, and Khalil al-Sakakini, with whom Akram was closely related. Throughout his life he has been proud of being this great writer's student. He was influenced by his knowledge and personality that he named his firstborn (Sari) after his teacher, Sakakini Abi Sari.
His Death
Akram Zuaytir died at his home in Amman, due to a heart attack on Thursday, April 11, 1996. He was buried in the Islamic cemetery in Sahab, near Amman, and his funeral prayers were held in the Al-Hussein Medical City Mosque.
Publications
Zuaiter's books occupied a prominent place in the Arabic library, and he was alone in recording the most accurate details of the Palestinian struggle at the moment it occurred honestly and objectively. His works:
- Our History, published in 1935 with the association Darwish Miqdadi.
- Arabic Reading, printed in 1939 with Muhammad Nasser.
- History of elementary grades, printed in 1940 with Ali Al-Sharqi and Sidqi Hamdi.
- The Modern History, printed in 1940 with Majid Khadduri.
- A message in union, printed in 1945 with Sate' Al-Husari and Kamel Mroueh.
- A mission in a continent, printed in 1951.
- Palestinian cause, printed in 1955. Musa Khoury translated it into English in 1958, and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani translated it into Persian in 1965, and Dr. Shams in Urdu.
- Palestinian Movement Document (1918-1939), printed in 1979. The Institute for Palestine Studies.
- Judgment is honest, printed in 1979.
- Badawi Al-Jabal and the brotherhood of forty years, published in 1987, the Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.
- The Earliest of Struggle, from Akram Zuaytir diaries (1909-1939) published in 1993 by the Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.
- For the sake of my nation, (from Akram Zuaytir diaries 1939-1946) published in 1993 by the Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.
- Revolutionary pages, from articles by Akram Zuaiter, Dar Al-Bashir / Amman.
- Akram Zuaiter papers, Palestinian Cause Documents (1918 - 1940).
- the Great Revolution Diaries and the Great Strike (1936 - 1939).
- Akram Zuaiter's Diaries, the Palestinian National Movement Documents (1935 - 1939). Printed in 1980. The Institute for Palestine Studies.
See Also
- Wael Zuaiter.
- Adel Zuaiter.
- Omar Zuaiter.
Sources
- (The Palestinian Flags from the seventh century until the twentieth century AD), Muhammad Omar Hamada, Dar Qutaiba, first edition 1985, p (350 - 356).
- The book (The Memory of Akram Zuaiter), presented by Dr. Constantine Zureiq.
External links
- Akram Zuaiter on the archive site Alsharekh.
- Akram Zuaiter website [2].
References
- ↑ "أكرم زعيتر | الموسوعة الفلسطينية" (in العربية). Retrieved 2021-12-17.
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