Dengelat massacre
Coordinates: 14°10′56″N 39°31′50″E / 14.18227°N 39.53054°E
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| Dengelat massacre Maryam Dengelat massacre | |
|---|---|
| Part of Tigray War | |
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| Location | Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 665: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Date | Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 665: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Target | Tigrayans |
Attack type | |
| Deaths | 80-150 civilians |
| Perpetrators |  Eritrean Defence Forces |
The Dengelat massacre (also called Maryam Dengelat massacre) was a mass extrajudicial killing that took place in Dengelat (Tigrinya: ደንገላት) in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War, on 30 November 2020.[1] Dengelat is a village that belongs to tabiya Beleso, woreda Sa’isi’e, Eastern zone of Tigray.
Massacre[edit]
The Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) killed hundred(s) of civilians in Dengelat (Eastern Tigray) on 30 November 2020;[1] probably between 80 and 150 civilians, in the compound of Maryam Dengelat church 5 km south-west of Idaga Hamus, according to Nyssen.[2] That day, there were many villagers in and around the church, who had been joined by religious pilgrims participating in the annual Orthodox ceremonies of Tsion Maryam. Eritrean soldiers opened fire on the church while hundreds of congregants were celebrating mass. People fled on foot; the troops followed, spraying the mountainside with bullets. Europe External Programme with Africa (EEPA) reported the number of executions by the EDF at the Maryam Dengelat church as 150, with an unknown date. [3] In line with historical studies of massacres, including those committed during the Armenian genocide,[4][5] a massacre can be defined as a conflict incident in which at least five unarmed civilians were killed on the same day at the same location. Typical massacres committed by Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers in the Tigray war are (1) revenge when they lose a battle; (2) to terrorise and extract information about whereabouts of TPLF leaders; (3) murder of suspected family members of TDF fighters;[6] and (4) terrorising the Tigray society as a whole such as in case of mass killings in churches.[7] The Maryam Dengelat massacre includes all these characteristics.[8]
Perpetrators[edit]
Witnesses interpreted the identity of the perpetrators as Eritrean soldiers, by recognising marks on their cheeks, and recognising the typical Eritrean form of the Tigrinya language.[8]
Victims[edit]
Among the dead were priests, old men, women, entire families and a group of more than 20 Sunday school children, some as young as 14, according to eyewitnesses, parents and their teacher.[8] The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation” mentions approximately 100 victims.[1] Local people claim that the number is way higher. Many victims are anonymous, as they were pilgrims coming from far away. 62 victims have been identified:[9]
- Abebe Desta (82)
- Abebu Teferi (78)
- Alemtsehay Asgedom
- Alexander Birhane (<35)
- Alexander Legesse (25)
- Amanuel Hiwet (22)
- Arsema Yemane (18)
- Bahre Haileselassie (45)
- Berhe Hadgu (37)
- Biniam Yemane (27)
- Birhane Teamrat (25)
- Birhane Tsigabu (25)
- Daniel Haftu (<35)
- Daniel Hailemariam (20)
- Dawit Mulu Tsegay (<35)
- Eden Kidane Gebreanenia (20)
- Emmanuel Hailay (17)
- Esayas Asgedom
- Filmon Desta (19)
- Filmon Hiwet (18)
- Gebre Gebremedhin (55)
- Gebreegziabher Hailu Hiben (70)
- Gebregergis Teklehaimanot (55)
- Gebremariam Kebedew (65)
- Gebretsadik Bayru (>70)
- Girmay Bahre (80)
- Girmay Hailegiorgis (80)
- Haftay Gebru (56)
- Haftom Kahsay (<35)
- Hailay Haileselassie (55)
- Hailekiros Yihdego (67)
- Hailu Tadege (48)
- Hailu Tamirat (25)
- Hayelom Nayzgi (<35)
- Hewan Aregawi (15)
- Kahsay Gebremeskel (>70)
- Kalayu Tsigabu (35)
- Kibrom Desta (20)
- Kidsan Aregawi (20)
- Kiros Hadush (45)
- Kiros Nega (60)
- Lemlem Gebrezgi (88)
- Mergeta Lisanework
- Mulu Gebreegziabher (<35)
- Natnael Hailay (19)
- Niguse Gebrekiros (30)
- Priest Abraha Abay (70)
- Priest Haile Abraha (80)
- Priest Hailu Abraha (85)
- Priest Hiwet Abraha (46)
- Priest Kidanemariam Teklu (63)
- Priest Tsigabu Gebrehiwet
- Semere Rezene (<35)
- Senait Aregawi
- Solomon Kahsay
- Tesfay Beyene (35)
- Tewelde Gidey (55)
- Tsigabu Gebreyohannes (<35)
- Yemane Kidanemariam (48)
- Yibrah Gebremedhin Weldu (<35)
- Yishak Esayas (24)
- Yordanos Gebrekidan (18)
Reactions[edit]
Four months later, after visiting the church and the village, CNN World brought a vivid description of the massacre.[8] The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation”,[1] that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly with regard its Annex A, that lists the massacres.[7][10][11][12]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation Archived 2021-09-13 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Nyssen, Jan (2021). "The situation in Tigray at the beginning of 2021". ResearchGate. Archived from the original on 2021-01-14. Retrieved 2021-01-14. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 31 – 20 December" (PDF). Europe External Programme with Africa. 2020-12-20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-14. Retrieved 2021-01-14. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny (January 1, 1999). The Massacre in History. Berghahn Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-57181-934-5. Archived from the original on May 10, 2016. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) Search this book on
- ↑ Melson, Robert (July 1982). "Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 24 (3): 482–3. doi:10.1017/s0010417500010100.
- ↑ Tigray Defence Forces, a military structure that came into existence during the Tigray War, consisting of a merger of Special Forces of the Tigray Regional Government, defected soldiers of the Ethiopian National Defense Force, local militia, members of Tigrayan political parties (TPLF, National Congress of Great Tigray, Salsay Weyane Tigray, Tigray Independence Party, ...) and numerous youth who fled to the mountains.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray Archived 2021-04-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 CNN World, 22 March 2021: Massacre in the mountains - They thought they'd be safe at a church. Then the soldiers arrived Archived 2021-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ TGHAT, A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources Archived 2021-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region Archived 2021-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre Archived 2021-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified Archived 2021-08-14 at the Wayback Machine
External links[edit]
- Twitter: author @tvbempt; hashtags #NeverForget #SayTheirNames #Dengelat
- World Peace Foundation: Starving Tigray
- Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation
- TGHAT: A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources
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